Best debit card betting sites ranked
Each sportsbook below accepts debit card deposits and is licensed in its respective US states. The table gives you a quick comparison of welcome offers, deposit minimums, and withdrawal speeds before you read the full breakdowns.
| Sportsbook | Welcome offer | Min deposit via debit card | Withdrawal speed via debit card | Available states |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BetMGM | Bet $10, get $150 in bonus bets if you win | $10 | Deposits only; withdraw via PayPal or online banking | AZ, CO, DC, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MO, NC, NJ, NV, NY, OH, PA, TN, VA, and WV |
| FanDuel | Bet $5 get $150 if your bet wins | $5 | 1-3 hours | AR, AZ, CO, CT, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MO, NC, NJ, NY, OH, PA, TN, VA, VT, and WV |
| DraftKings | Bet $5+ get $100 in bonus bets | $5 | 1-3 hours | AR, AZ, CO, CT, DC, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MO, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, TN, VA, VT, and WV |
| bet365 | Bet $10 and get $200 + 50 spins | $10 | 1-4 hours | AZ, CO, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MO, NC, NJ, OH, PA, TN, and VA |
| Borgata | Bet $20 get $100 in bonus bets | $10 | Deposits only; withdraw via PayPal, Skrill, or Venmo | NJ |
BetMGM
- Comprehensive sports betting markets
- Regular bonuses and promotions
- Dedicated mobile betting apps
- Not available in all US states
Debit cards - Visa and Mastercard - are accepted for deposits at BetMGM, with funds appearing instantly in your account. The catch is that BetMGM does not support card withdrawals, so you'll need to cash out using PayPal or online banking (ACH). The $10 minimum deposit makes it accessible if you want to start small.
New users can claim the welcome offer - bet $10 and get $150 in bonus bets if your first bet wins - by depositing via debit card, as card deposits are not excluded from this promotion. The offer is available through the standard sign-up flow, with no separate promo code required for most states.
BetMGM carries a broad sports menu and integrates with MGM Rewards, giving regular bettors a loyalty programme on top of the standard bonus offers. The app earns a 4.7 on the App Store and 4.5 on Google Play, and the live-betting interface is well-regarded. One notable perk: BetMGM is one of the few major sportsbooks that accepts American Express for deposits, which is useful if a debit card isn't your first choice.
| Welcome offer | Bet $10, get $150 in bonus bets if you win |
| Debit card for deposits | Yes |
| Debit card for withdrawals | No |
| Min deposit via debit card | $10 |
| Withdrawal speed via debit card | Not available; use PayPal or online banking |
| App Store rating | 4.7 ⭐ |
| Available in | AZ, CO, DC, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MO, NC, NJ, NV, NY, OH, PA, TN, VA, and WV |
Up To $1500 in Bonus Bets Paid Back if your First Bet Does Not Win
FanDuel
- Wide range of sports and bet types
- Includes deep prop markets
- Fast withdrawals with PayPal and Venmo
- Reliable app with quick loading and stable live betting
- Some prop markets can be buried under extra clicks
FanDuel supports debit card deposits and withdrawals for both Visa and Mastercard debit cards, making it one of the cleaner experiences for bettors who want their whole banking flow in one place. Deposits are instant, and debit card withdrawals are processed quickly. Credit card deposits are available in certain states, but the withdrawal route is limited to debit cards only.
FanDuel's welcome offer - bet $5, get $150 in bonus bets if your first bet wins - is open to debit card depositors. The $5 minimum deposit is among the lowest of any major sportsbook, which makes it easy to get started and still qualify for the bonus. You can find the full details on the FanDuel promo code page.
The FanDuel app is the highest-rated in the market, with a 4.9 on the App Store and 4.7 on Google Play. Sports coverage is deep, and the same-game parlay builder is one of the best available at any US sportsbook. One thing to note: online banking withdrawals take several business days, so if speed matters, debit card or PayPal is the better route.
| Welcome offer | Bet $5 get $150 if your bet wins |
| Debit card for deposits | Yes |
| Debit card for withdrawals | Yes |
| Min deposit via debit card | $5 |
| Withdrawal speed via debit card | Fast payouts |
| App Store rating | 4.9 ⭐ |
| Available in | AR, AZ, CO, CT, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MO, NC, NJ, NY, OH, PA, TN, VA, VT, and WV |
DraftKings
- Legal in 26 US states
- Long A-Z list of sports markets
- Awesome promos
- Limited list of legal states
Both Visa and Mastercard debit cards work for deposits and withdrawals at DraftKings, with deposits hitting your account instantly and payouts processed quickly. It's worth knowing that DraftKings discontinued credit card deposits in August 2025, so the debit card route is now the primary card option here. The $5 minimum deposit keeps the barrier to entry low.
Debit card deposits qualify for DraftKings' welcome offer: bet $5 or more and receive $100 in bonus bets. There are no method-specific exclusions to worry about, and the offer triggers automatically on your first real-money deposit. The promotion is straightforward to claim through the standard account-creation flow.
DraftKings consistently ranks among the top sportsbooks for in-play betting, with one of the broadest live-market menus in the US. The banking menu is also one of the widest available, so if you ever want to switch payment methods down the line, the flexibility is there. App ratings sit at 4.8 on the App Store and 4.6 on Google Play, reflecting a polished mobile experience.
| Welcome offer | Bet $5+ get $100 in bonus bets |
| Debit card for deposits | Yes |
| Debit card for withdrawals | Yes |
| Min deposit via debit card | $5 |
| Withdrawal speed via debit card | Fast payouts |
| App Store rating | 4.8 ⭐ |
| Available in | AR, AZ, CO, CT, DC, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MO, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, TN, VA, VT, and WV |
bet365
- Generous welcome bonus
- 24/7 live chat
- Intuitive site interface
- Dedicated mobile app
- No VIP program
bet365 offers some of the fastest debit card withdrawal speeds of any US sportsbook, with payouts typically arriving in just one to four hours. Visa and Mastercard debit cards are accepted for both deposits and withdrawals, and the $10 minimum deposit applies across most funding methods. Credit cards are no longer accepted as of April 2026, so the debit card path is the main card option at bet365.
The welcome offer at bet365 - bet $10 and get $200 in bonus bets plus 50 spins - is open to new users depositing by debit card. The minimum $10 qualifying deposit aligns with the standard debit card minimum, so no additional funds are needed to trigger the promotion. Checking the bet365 promo code page before signing up is worthwhile to confirm any current bonus code requirements.
bet365 is available in fewer states than some competitors, but where it operates it delivers strong live-betting coverage and a well-designed app (4.8 on the App Store, 4.5 on Google Play). The sportsbook is also one of the very few US-licensed operators to accept Skrill, which is a useful alternative if you decide to diversify your withdrawal methods later.
| Welcome offer | Bet $10 and get $200 + 50 spins |
| Debit card for deposits | Yes |
| Debit card for withdrawals | Yes |
| Min deposit via debit card | $10 |
| Withdrawal speed via debit card | 1-4 hours |
| App Store rating | 4.8 ⭐ |
| Available in | AZ, CO, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MO, NC, NJ, OH, PA, TN, and VA |
Borgata
- 1,000 great casino games from legendary developers
- Awesome sportsbook with top NHL, NBA and NFL odds
- Impressive poker software with stunning daily tournaments
- Licensed by the New Jersey Division of Gaming Enforcement
- Lack of regular welcome bonuses
Borgata accepts Visa and Mastercard debit cards for deposits, with funds arriving instantly. However, like BetMGM (its sister brand), Borgata does not support debit card withdrawals - you'll need to cash out via PayPal, Skrill, Venmo, or ACH bank transfer instead. The $10 minimum deposit is in line with other operators. Borgata is currently licensed in New Jersey only.
New Jersey bettors can claim Borgata's welcome offer - bet $20, get $100 in bonus bets - using a debit card deposit to fund their account. Debit deposits are not excluded from the promotion, so the offer activates in the standard way once your first qualifying bet is placed.
Borgata's app ratings are mixed - a strong 4.7 on the App Store but a lower 3.9 on Google Play, which is worth bearing in mind if you're an Android user. The sportsbook has an unusual perk in that it allows cash withdrawals at the Borgata cage in Atlantic City, which may appeal to local bettors. Skrill and American Express deposit support also set it apart from most US operators.
| Welcome offer | Bet $20 get $100 in bonus bets |
| Debit card for deposits | Yes |
| Debit card for withdrawals | No |
| Min deposit via debit card | $10 |
| Withdrawal speed via debit card | Not available; use PayPal, Skrill, or Venmo |
| App Store rating | 4.7 ⭐ |
| Available in | NJ |
How to deposit at a sportsbook using a debit card
Getting funds into your sportsbook account with a debit card takes only a few minutes once your account is verified.
- Choose a sportsbook: Select a licensed operator from the options above and click through to its site using the links on this page.
- Create your account: Complete the registration form with your name, address, date of birth, and the last four digits of your Social Security number for identity verification.
- Go to the cashier: Once logged in, navigate to the deposit section - usually found in your account menu or via a prominent "Deposit" button.
- Select debit card: Choose Visa or Mastercard debit as your payment method from the list of available options.
- Enter your card details: Input your 16-digit card number, expiry date, and CVV. Some sportsbooks save the card for future deposits once it's verified.
- Enter your deposit amount: Type in the amount you want to deposit, making sure it meets the minimum threshold for the welcome offer if you intend to claim one.
- Confirm the transaction: Review the details and confirm. Funds typically appear in your betting account instantly.
How to withdraw from a sportsbook using a debit card
Where debit card withdrawals are supported, the process is simple - though you should check that you deposited with the same card before requesting a payout.
- Log in to your account: Open the sportsbook app or site and sign in to your account.
- Go to the withdrawal section: Navigate to the cashier and select the withdrawal option.
- Select debit card: Choose your Visa or Mastercard debit card from the available withdrawal methods. If the card isn't listed, you may need to use an alternative method such as PayPal or ACH.
- Enter the withdrawal amount: Specify how much you want to withdraw, keeping within the minimum and maximum limits for that operator.
- Confirm your request: Review the details and submit. Some sportsbooks carry out a brief internal review on first-time withdrawals.
- Wait for processing: Withdrawal times vary by operator - bet365 processes debit card payouts in one to four hours, while others may take longer.
Up To $1500 in Bonus Bets Paid Back if your First Bet Does Not Win
+9
- 20+ sports available for wagering
- Pre-match and in-play betting
- Unique features like live streaming and boosted odds
Bet $10 Get $150 in Bonus Bets
Find out more on bet365's website
- Over 20 sports
- Extensive betting markets
- Live betting feature
New Users – Bet $5 Get $200 in Bet Reset Tokens for 5 Days
+7
- Deep market coverage across major U.S. sports and leagues
- Same Game Parlay builder is fast and easy to use
- Live betting interface updates quickly with real-time odds
Why use a debit card at an online sportsbook?
Debit cards sit at the intersection of convenience and familiarity - most bettors already have one in their wallet. Here's a closer look at what makes them a practical banking choice.
💳 Instant deposits
When you fund a sportsbook account with a debit card, the money moves immediately. There's no waiting for a transfer to clear or a wallet to top up. For bettors who want to act on a line before it shifts, that immediacy matters.
🔒 Security
Debit cards issued by Visa and Mastercard carry built-in fraud protections. Your issuing bank monitors transactions, and most accounts allow you to dispute unauthorized charges. Using a debit card doesn't expose your full banking credentials to the sportsbook either - only the card details are shared.
🏧 No extra account needed
Unlike PayPal or Venmo, a debit card requires no third-party account setup. If you have a checking account with a debit card attached, you're ready to deposit straight away. That simplicity makes it the default choice for bettors who prefer to keep things uncomplicated.
✅ Wide acceptance
Visa and Mastercard debit cards are accepted at virtually every licensed US sportsbook. You're unlikely to encounter a situation where your card is declined because the operator doesn't support your network, unlike some more niche payment options.
📱 Works in the app
Every major sportsbook app supports debit card deposits natively. You enter your details once, the card is saved, and future deposits take seconds. The mobile experience for card payments has become seamless across the top operators.
⚠️ Limitations to know
The main drawback is that not every sportsbook supports debit card withdrawals. Some operators (including BetMGM and Borgata) only allow card deposits and require you to cash out via a different method. It's always worth checking the withdrawal options before you deposit, particularly if you want a single method for both directions.
Debit card fees at online sportsbooks
None of the sportsbooks featured on this page charge a fee for debit card deposits or withdrawals. That applies to both the deposit transaction itself and any payout back to your card. Fee-free banking is now standard practice among licensed US operators, so debit card bettors won't find any hidden costs eating into their balance.
Your bank is a separate consideration. While most US banks don't charge fees for standard debit card transactions, some may flag or temporarily decline a payment to a sportsbook if gambling transactions are restricted on the account. It's worth checking your bank's policy if you encounter a declined deposit - the issue is usually at the bank's end rather than the sportsbook's.
Compared to wire transfers, which can carry fees of $20 or more depending on your bank, debit cards are consistently the cheaper route. E-wallets like PayPal are also typically fee-free for sportsbook transactions, but they require an extra layer of account management. For most bettors, the debit card is the path of least resistance.
Debit card deposit and withdrawal limits
Deposit and withdrawal limits vary across operators, though the minimums are low enough that most bettors won't find them restrictive.
| Sportsbook | Min deposit | Max deposit | Min withdrawal | Max withdrawal | Fees |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BetMGM | $10 | $25,000 | N/A (card withdrawals not supported) | N/A | None |
| FanDuel | $5 | $25,000 | $10 | $10,000 | None |
| DraftKings | $5 | $25,000 | $1 | $60,000 | None |
| bet365 | $10 | $25,000 | $10 | $50,000 | None |
| Borgata | $10 | $25,000 | N/A (card withdrawals not supported) | N/A | None |
Can you claim betting bonuses with a debit card?
Debit card deposits qualify for the welcome offer at every operator listed here. There are no method-specific exclusions that would prevent a debit card deposit from triggering the new-user promotion. If an operator requires a minimum deposit amount to unlock the bonus, that threshold is the same regardless of which payment method you use.
Some welcome offers do require a promo code to be entered during registration or at the cashier - checking the sportsbook promo codes page before you sign up is the easiest way to make sure you don't miss out on the full bonus value. Codes are typically entered during account creation, not at the point of deposit.
One thing to be aware of: welcome offers usually come with playthrough requirements or odds restrictions attached to the qualifying bet. These conditions apply to every new user regardless of payment method, so they're not a debit-card-specific concern. Read the terms for your chosen sportsbook's offer before placing your first bet so you know exactly what's needed to convert bonus bets into withdrawable cash.
Debit card vs other payment methods
Debit cards are the most accessible option for most bettors, but they're not the only route. Understanding where they sit relative to alternatives helps you make the right call for your situation.
E-wallets like PayPal have gained ground because they support fast withdrawals at operators that don't allow card cashouts. Bank transfers via ACH offer higher withdrawal limits at some sportsbooks but can take several business days to clear. Debit cards generally sit in the middle ground: instant deposits, reasonably fast withdrawals where supported, and no fees on either side.
| Feature | Debit card | PayPal | Bank transfer (ACH) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deposit speed | Instant | Instant | 1-3 business days |
| Withdrawal speed | Fast (where supported); hours to days | 24-48 hours typically | 1-5 business days |
| Withdrawal availability | Not at every sportsbook | Widely supported | Widely supported |
| Fees | None at sportsbook level | None at sportsbook level | None at sportsbook level |
| Privacy | Card details shared with sportsbook | Card details not shared | Bank details shared with sportsbook |
| Extra account needed | No | Yes (PayPal account) | No |
| Ease of use | Very easy | Easy once set up | Straightforward |
Is a debit card safe at online sportsbooks?
Debit card transactions at licensed US sportsbooks are protected by multiple layers of security. Every regulated sportsbook uses SSL encryption to secure data in transit, meaning your card number and personal details are protected during the deposit process. The major card networks - Visa and Mastercard - also apply their own fraud-monitoring systems, flagging unusual activity and offering chargeback rights in cases of unauthorized use.
That said, using a debit card does mean sharing your card details directly with the sportsbook, unlike e-wallets which act as a buffer between your bank and the operator. If this concerns you, a PayPal account or similar e-wallet keeps your card information one step removed. The cash-out feature at licensed sportsbooks also means you can retrieve funds quickly if you ever need to, which is a meaningful safeguard.
State licensing is a significant reassurance here. Every operator on this page operates under a licence from a US state gambling regulator, which requires them to keep player funds in segregated accounts, submit to regular audits, and maintain responsible gambling tools. Unlicensed offshore sites carry real financial risk; the licensed operators featured here do not operate in the same category.
Up To $1500 in Bonus Bets Paid Back if your First Bet Does Not Win
+9
- 20+ sports available for wagering
- Pre-match and in-play betting
- Unique features like live streaming and boosted odds
Bet $10 Get $150 in Bonus Bets
Find out more on bet365's website
- Over 20 sports
- Extensive betting markets
- Live betting feature
New Users – Bet $5 Get $200 in Bet Reset Tokens for 5 Days
+7
- Deep market coverage across major U.S. sports and leagues
- Same Game Parlay builder is fast and easy to use
- Live betting interface updates quickly with real-time odds
New DraftKings Customers: Spend $5+ Get $200 in Bonuses Instantly!
+7
- Bet on 40+ different sports
- Dynamic odds on live, in-play fixtures
- Deposit and bet $5 to receive up to $300 in bonus bets
10 x $100 bet match in FanCash
+3
- 15+ sports categories
- An extensive range of betting markets
- Supports in-play betting and live streaming
What is a debit card and how does it work?
A debit card is a payment card linked directly to a checking account. When you use it to make a purchase or deposit, the funds are drawn from your available balance in real time rather than borrowed on credit. The two major networks in the US are Visa and Mastercard, and virtually all US banks issue debit cards on one of these networks as a standard feature of a checking account.
At sportsbooks, the process is straightforward: you enter your card number, expiry date, and security code in the cashier, confirm the amount, and the funds transfer immediately. The sportsbook processes it as a standard card-present or card-not-present transaction, similar to an online retail purchase. Some banks have started implementing restrictions on gambling-related transactions, so if a deposit is declined, contacting your bank to enable the transaction is usually the resolution.
Debit cards became the dominant everyday payment method in the US partly because they combine the convenience of card payments with the discipline of spending only what you have. For sportsbook banking specifically, that direct connection to your checking account is useful for budgeting - you can only deposit what's actually available, which supports responsible bankroll management.
How to create a debit card account
You don't create a debit card account separately - the card comes with your checking account. Here's how to get set up if you don't already have one, or how to link your existing card to a sportsbook for the first time.
- Open a checking account: If you don't already have one, apply for a checking account at a bank or credit union. Most major US banks offer accounts online, and the process typically takes 10-15 minutes.
- Request your debit card: Your bank will issue a Visa or Mastercard debit card automatically when you open a checking account. It usually arrives by mail within five to seven business days.
- Activate the card: Follow the activation instructions included with the card - typically a phone call or online activation through your bank's app or website.
- Check your card's gambling permissions: Log into your bank's app or call customer service to confirm that online gambling transactions are not blocked on your account. Some banks restrict these by default.
- Add the card to your sportsbook account: Once your sportsbook account is set up, navigate to the cashier and enter your card details. Most operators save the card for future deposits after the first use.
How we rate debit card betting sites
Every sportsbook featured on this page is assessed against a consistent set of criteria. Here's what carries the most weight when we evaluate debit card banking at a licensed operator.
💳 Deposit and withdrawal availability
The first thing we check is whether the sportsbook supports debit card withdrawals as well as deposits. Operators that only accept cards for deposits score lower than those offering a full two-way card banking experience. Where withdrawals aren't available, we factor in the quality and speed of the alternative methods.
⚡ Processing speed
Instant deposits are the baseline expectation - any operator that can't deliver that with a debit card falls short. For withdrawals, we look at how long payouts realistically take and whether the stated timeframes match what users actually experience.
📊 Limits
Minimum deposits matter for casual bettors; maximum withdrawal limits matter for high-volume players. We assess whether the limits are reasonable for the range of users likely to use this method, and we flag any limits that stand out as restrictive.
🏆 Sportsbook quality
The payment method is only part of the picture. We also factor in the depth of sports coverage, the quality of the app, the fairness of the welcome offer, and the strength of ongoing promotions. A sportsbook with great banking but thin markets isn't a complete recommendation. You can explore the broader landscape of licensed operators at the betting sites hub.
🛡️ Licensing and safety
Only sportsbooks licensed by a recognised US state regulator are considered. We verify that each operator holds an active licence in every state where it accepts players. This is a hard requirement, not just a tiebreaker.
📲 App experience
Most bettors deposit and manage their accounts on mobile. We look at app store ratings, how intuitive the deposit flow is within the app, and whether card details are stored securely for repeat use.
More popular betting payment methods
Sportsbooks typically support a range of banking options beyond debit cards, from e-wallets to bank transfers and digital payment services. If you're weighing up other methods or want to set up a backup option for withdrawals, the guides below cover the most widely used alternatives at licensed US sportsbooks.
Final thoughts
Debit cards are one of the most dependable ways to manage your sportsbook bankroll. Deposits are instant, the method is universally accepted at licensed US operators, and there are no fees to account for on either side of the transaction. The main thing to keep in mind before choosing this method is whether the sportsbook you're considering supports debit card withdrawals - if not, you'll want a secondary method ready for cashing out.
For most bettors, the combination of simplicity, speed, and wide acceptance makes a debit card a practical default. Use the comparison tables and mini reviews above to find the operator that fits your state and betting style, and take advantage of a welcome offer when you open your account. The sportsbook apps at the operators above also make it easy to manage deposits and withdrawals on the go once you're set up.
Up To $1500 in Bonus Bets Paid Back if your First Bet Does Not Win
+9
- 20+ sports available for wagering
- Pre-match and in-play betting
- Unique features like live streaming and boosted odds
Bet $10 Get $150 in Bonus Bets
Find out more on bet365's website
- Over 20 sports
- Extensive betting markets
- Live betting feature
New Users – Bet $5 Get $200 in Bet Reset Tokens for 5 Days
+7
- Deep market coverage across major U.S. sports and leagues
- Same Game Parlay builder is fast and easy to use
- Live betting interface updates quickly with real-time odds
FAQs
Which betting sites accept debit cards?
Every major licensed US sportsbook accepts debit card deposits, including BetMGM, FanDuel, DraftKings, bet365, and Borgata. Visa and Mastercard debit cards are the most widely supported networks. Some operators also support debit card withdrawals, while others limit cards to deposits only.
Is it safe to use a debit card at an online sportsbook?
Yes, provided you're using a licensed sportsbook. All regulated US operators use SSL encryption to protect your card details during transactions. Visa and Mastercard also provide their own fraud monitoring and dispute resolution. Sticking to state-licensed operators is the key safeguard.
Are there fees for using a debit card at a sportsbook?
No. The sportsbooks featured on this page do not charge fees for debit card deposits or withdrawals. Your bank may have its own policies regarding gambling transactions, but the operators themselves apply no surcharges.
How fast are debit card withdrawals?
It depends on the operator. bet365 processes debit card withdrawals in as little as one to four hours. FanDuel and DraftKings offer fast payouts as well. Some sportsbooks don't support debit card withdrawals at all, meaning you'd need to use PayPal, Venmo, or bank transfer instead.
Can I claim a welcome offer when depositing with a debit card?
Yes. Debit card deposits are not excluded from welcome offers at any of the operators on this page. Make sure your deposit meets the minimum qualifying amount for the promotion you want to claim, and check whether a promo code needs to be entered during registration.
What is the minimum deposit with a debit card?
Minimums vary by operator. FanDuel and DraftKings both have a $5 minimum debit card deposit. BetMGM and bet365 require a $10 minimum, and Borgata's minimum is also $10.
Can I withdraw to my debit card if I deposited a different way?
Most sportsbooks require that you have deposited with the same method before allowing withdrawals to it. If you deposited via bank transfer but want to withdraw to a debit card, you may need to make at least one debit card deposit first. Check the individual operator's terms for confirmation.
Do all states allow debit card deposits at licensed sportsbooks?
In every state where sports betting is legal, debit card deposits are permitted at licensed operators. State gambling laws regulate the sportsbooks themselves rather than the payment methods, so the card acceptance rules are consistent wherever a given operator is licensed.
